The history of networking
The field of computer networking and today's Internet trace their beginnings back to the early 1960s, a time at which the telephone network was the world's dominant communication network. The global Internet's origin was the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) of the U.S. Department of Defense in 1969. Here are some other important years that led up to today's modern networks and the Internet.
1974 - Ethernet is demonstrated by networking Xerox PARC’s new Alto computers.
1978 - The appearance of the first very small computers and their potential for communication via modem to dial up services.
1981 - Bill Joy incorporates the new TCP/IP suite into the next release of the UNIX operating system. The first “portable” computer is launched in the form of the Osborne, a 24 pound suitcase sized device.
1981 - The IBM PC is launched
1982 - TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol) is established as the standard for ARPANET.
1983 - ARPANET standardizes on the TCP/IP protocols adopted by the Department of Defense.
1986 - TCP/IP is available on workstations and PCs such as the newly introduced Compaq portable computer.
1987 - The number of network hosts breaks 10,000.
1989 - The number of hosts breaks 100,000.
1990 - ARPANET formally shuts down. Several search tools, such as ARCHIE, Gopher, and WAIS start to appear.
1991 - The NSFNET backbone upgrades to T3 (44 Mbps). A wide-area network developed under the auspices of the National Science Foundation. NSFnet replaced ARPANET as the main government network linking universities and research facilities.
1991- Tim Berners-Lee develops the World Wide Web. Lee is the director of the World Wide Web Consortium, which oversees its continued development. CERN also releases the first Web server.
1992 - The WWW bursts into the world and the growth of the Internet explodes.
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